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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">donstu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2687-1653-2024-24-1-36-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">HTOURY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">donstu-2157</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Prediction of Rheological Parameters of Polymers by Machine Learning Methods</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прогнозирование реологических параметров полимеров методами машинного обучения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-8942</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratieva</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Николаевна Кондратьева, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры математики и информатики</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Kondratieva, Cand.Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Mathematics and Informatics Department</p><p>1, Gagarin sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ktn618@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9133-8546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепурненко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chepurnenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антон Сергеевич Чепурненко, доктор технических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры сопротивление материалов</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton S. Chepurnenko, Dr.Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, professor of the Strength of Materials Department</p><p>1, Gagarin sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton_chepurnenk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kondratieva T.N., Chepurnenko A.S., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева Т.Н., Чепурненко А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondratieva T.N., Chepurnenko A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2157">https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2157</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. All polymer materials and composites based on them are characterized by pronounced rheological properties, the prediction of which is one of the most critical tasks of polymer mechanics. Machine learning methods open up great opportunities in predicting the rheological parameters of polymers. Previously, studies were conducted on the construction of predictive models using artificial neural networks and the CatBoost algorithm. Along with these methods, due to the capability to process data with highly nonlinear dependences between features, machine learning methods such as the k-nearest neighbor method, and the support vector machine (SVM) method, are widely used in related areas. However, these methods have not been applied to the problem discussed in this article before. The objective of the research was to develop a predictive model for evaluating the rheological parameters of polymers using artificial intelligence methods by the example of polyvinyl chloride.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. This paper used k-nearest neighbor method and the support vector machine to determine the rheological parameters of polymers based on stress relaxation curves. The models were trained on synthetic data generated from theoretical relaxation curves constructed using the nonlinear Maxwell-Gurevich equation. The input parameters of the models were the amount of deformation at which the experiment was performed, the initial stress, the stress at the end of the relaxation process, the relaxation time, and the conditional end time of the process. The output parameters included velocity modulus and initial relaxation viscosity coefficient. The models were developed in the Jupyter Notebook environment in Python.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. New predictive models were built to determine the rheological parameters of polymers based on artificial intelligence methods. The proposed models provided high quality prediction. The model quality metrics in the SVR algorithm were: MAE – 1.67 and 0.72; MSE – 5.75 and 1.21; RMSE – 1.67 and 1.1; MAPE – 8.92 and 7.3 for the parameters of the initial relaxation viscosity and velocity modulus, respectively, with the coefficient of determination R2 – 0.98. The developed models showed an average absolute percentage error in the range of 5.9 – 8.9%. In addition to synthetic data, the developed models were also tested on real experimental data for polyvinyl chloride in the temperature range from 20° to 60°C.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. The approbation of the developed models on real experimental curves showed a high quality of their approximation, comparable to other methods. Thus, the k-nearest neighbor algorithm and SVM can be used to predict the rheological parameters of polymers as an alternative to artificial neural networks and the CatBoost algorithm, requiring less effort to preset adjustment. At the same time, in this research, the SVM method turned out to be the most preferred method of machine learning, since it is more effective in processing a large number of features</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Для всех полимерных материалов и композитов на их основе характерны явно выраженные реологические свойства, прогнозирование которых является одной из важнейших задач механики полимеров. Большие возможности для прогнозирования реологических параметров полимеров открывают методы машинного обучения. Ранее проводились исследования на предмет построения прогнозных моделей с использованием искусственных нейронных сетей и алгоритма CatBoost. Наряду с этими методами, благодаря возможности обрабатывать данные с сильно нелинейными зависимостями между признаками, широкое применение в смежных областях находят методы машинного обучения — метод k-ближайших соседей и метод опорных векторов (SVM). Однако ранее к проблеме, рассмотренной в данной статье, эти методы не применялись. Целью работы явилась разработка прогнозной модели для оценки реологических параметров полимеров методами искусственного интеллекта на примере поливинилхлорида.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе применены метод k-ближайших соседей и метод опорных векторов для определения реологических параметров полимеров на основе кривых релаксации напряжений. Обучение моделей выполнялось на синтетических данных, сгенерированных на основе теоретических кривых релаксации, построенных с использованием нелинейного уравнения Максвелла-Гуревича. Входными параметрами моделей выступали величина деформации, при которой производился эксперимент, начальное напряжение, напряжение в конце процесса релаксации, время релаксации и условное время окончания процесса. Выходные параметры: модуль скорости и коэффициент начальной релаксационной вязкости. Модели разработаны в среде Jupyter Notebook на языке Python.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Построены новые прогнозные модели для определения реологических параметров полимеров на основе методов искусственного интеллекта. Предложенные модели обеспечивают высокое качество прогнозирования. Метрики качества модели в алгоритме SVR составляют: MAE — 1,67 и 0,72; MSE — 5,75 и 1,21; RMSE — 1,67 и 1,1; MAPE — 8,92 и 7,3 для параметров начальной релаксационной вязкости и модуля скорости соответственно с коэффициентом детерминации R2 — 0,98. Разработанные модели показали среднюю абсолютную процентную ошибку в диапазоне 5,9–8,9 %. Помимо синтетических данных, разработанные модели также апробировалась на реальных экспериментальных данных для поливинилхлорида в диапазоне температур от 20° до 60 °C.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Апробация разработанных моделей на реальных экспериментальных кривых показала высокое качество их аппроксимации, сопоставимое с другими методами. Таким образом, алгоритмы k-ближайших соседей и SVM могут использоваться для прогнозирования реологических параметров полимеров как альтернатива искусственным нейронным сетям и алгоритму CatBoost, требующая меньших усилий по предварительной настройке. При этом в данном исследовании наиболее предпочтительным методом машинного обучения оказался метод SVM, так как он более эффективен в обработке большого числа признаков.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реология</kwd><kwd>полимеры</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>k-ближайшие соседи</kwd><kwd>опорная векторная регрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheology</kwd><kwd>polymers</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>k-nearest neighbors</kwd><kwd>support vector regression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dudukalov EV, Munister VD, Zolkin AL, Losev AN, Knishov AV. The Use of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology for Measurements in Mechanical Engineering and in Process Automation Systems in Industry 4.0. 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