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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">donstu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2687-1653-2025-25-1-14-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YINENP</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">donstu-2343</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Analysis of a Four-Legged Robot Kinematics during Rotational Movements of Its Body</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ кинематики четвероногого робота при поворотных движениях его корпуса</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8619-2127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фернандо</surname><given-names>М. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fernando</surname><given-names>M. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марселино Жулио Фернандо, студент кафедры робототехники, мехатроники, динамики и прочности машин </p><p>Scopus ID: 59000562600</p><p>111250, г. Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, д. 14, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marcelino J. Fernando, student of the Department of Robotics, Mechatronics, Dynamics and Strength of Machines</p><p>Scopus ID: 59000562600</p><p>14, Krasnokazarmennaya Str., Moscow, 111250</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">themarcfernando98@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9827-360X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайпулаев</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saypulaev</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гасан Русланович Сайпулаев, кандидат технических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры робототехники, мехатроники, динамики и прочности машин</p><p>Scopus ID: 57222571340</p><p>111250, г. Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, д. 14, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gasan R. Saypulaev, Cand.Sci. (Eng.), Senior Lecturer of the Department of Robotics, Mechatronics, Dynamics and Strength of Machines</p><p>Scopus ID: 57222571340</p><p>14, Krasnokazarmennaya Str., Moscow, 111250</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saypulaevgr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-654X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайпулаев</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saypulaev</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муса Русланович Сайпулаев, кандидат технических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры робототехники, мехатроники, динамики и прочности машин</p><p>Scopus ID: 57382428600</p><p>111250, г. Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, д. 14, стр. 1</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Musa R. Saypulaev, Cand.Sci. (Eng.), Senior Lecturer of the Department of Robotics, Mechatronics, Dynamics and Strength of Machines</p><p>Scopus ID: 57382428600</p><p>14, Krasnokazarmennaya Str., Moscow, 111250</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saypulaevmr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «МЭИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University MPEI</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Fernando M.J., Saypulaev G.R., Saypulaev M.R., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фернандо М.Ж., Сайпулаев Г.Р., Сайпулаев М.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fernando M.J., Saypulaev G.R., Saypulaev M.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2343">https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2343</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Walking robots are widely used in industry due to their unique capabilities for moving on uneven and complex surfaces. To provide high precision in controlling their movement, it is required to develop mathematical models and algorithms for planning the robot movement along various trajectories. A key aspect of the motion control system of walking robots is the planning of their leg movements. Despite significant advances in the field of modeling the kinematics of quadruped robots, existing scientific publications do not provide a complete kinematic model for robots similar to the Mini Cheetah. This research was aimed at the development of a kinematic model of a quadruped robot based on Mini Cheetah, as well as the formulation of recommendations for optimizing its gait to provide rotation around various axes. The creation of such a model will improve the smoothness and accuracy of the robot movements, which, in turn, will increase its efficiency under real production conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The process of constructing a kinematic model of the robot was based on the use of formulas for the geometry of spatial motion of solids. To test the efficiency of the proposed algorithms for moving the robot legs when performing rotational movements of its body, numerical modeling of the robot kinematics was used. Numerical calculations were performed using the Wolfram Mathematica package.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The laws of changing the endpoints of the robot legs during its rotation around the vertical axis were proposed. The conducted numerical modeling of the robot kinematics covered the rotation of the body at the course, roll and pitch angles. Based on the simulation results, it was established that the dependences of the rotation angles of the leg links were periodic functions. The considered rotational movements of the robot platform could take place without the occurrence of singular configurations.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. The results of numerical modeling of the robot platform rotation movements confirmed the operability of the proposed leg transfer plan, which allowed for smooth movement of the robot body and avoidance of singular configurations. The resulting kinematic model can be used to control the robot motion at the kinematic level when moving along curvilinear trajectories. As a prospect for further research, it is worth highlighting the development of a mathematical model of the dynamics of a four-legged robot, as well as the creation of laws for controlling its movement at a dynamic level. This will significantly expand the functionality of the robot and increase its efficiency under various operating conditions.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Шагающие роботы находят широкое применение в промышленности благодаря своим уникальным возможностям передвижения по неровным и сложным поверхностям. Для обеспечения высокой точности управления их движением необходимо разработать математические модели и алгоритмы планирования перемещения робота по различным траекториям. Ключевым аспектом системы управления движением шагающих роботов является планирование перемещений их ног. Несмотря на значительные достижения в области моделирования кинематики четвероногих роботов, в существующих научных публикациях не представлено полноценной кинематической модели для роботов, аналогичных Mini Cheetah. Цель данной работы заключается в разработке кинематической модели четвероногого робота на основе Mini Cheetah, а также в формулировании рекомендаций по оптимизации его походки для обеспечения вращения вокруг различных осей. Создание такой модели позволит улучшить плавность и точность движений робота, что, в свою очередь, повысит его эффективность в реальных производственных условиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Процесс построения кинематической модели робота основан на использовании формул геометрии пространственного движения твердых тел. Для проверки эффективности предложенных алгоритмов перемещения ног робота при осуществлении поворотных движений его корпуса было применено численное моделирование кинематики робота. Численные расчеты выполнены с использованием математического пакета Wolfram Mathematica. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Предложены законы изменения конечных точек ног робота при его вращении вокруг вертикальной оси. Проведенное численное моделирование кинематики робота охватывало повороты корпуса по углам курса, крена и тангажа. По результатам моделирования установлено, что зависимости углов поворота звеньев ног являются периодическими функциями. Рассмотренные поворотные движения платформы робота могут происходить без возникновения сингулярных конфигураций.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Результаты численного моделирования поворотных движений платформы робота подтвердили работоспособность предложенного плана переноса ног, который позволяет осуществлять плавное движение корпуса робота и избегать сингулярных конфигураций. Полученная кинематическая модель может быть использована для управления движением робота на кинематическом уровне при перемещениях по криволинейным траекториям. В качестве перспективы для дальнейших исследований стоит выделить разработку математической модели динамики четвероногого робота, а также создание законов управления его движением на динамическом уровне. Это позволит значительно расширить функциональные возможности робота и повысить эффективность его работы в различных условиях эксплуатации.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>четвероногий робот</kwd><kwd>обратная кинематика</kwd><kwd>мобильный робот</kwd><kwd>кинематическая модель</kwd><kwd>планирование движения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>four-legged robot</kwd><kwd>inverse kinematics</kwd><kwd>mobile robot</kwd><kwd>kinematic model</kwd><kwd>motion planning</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павловский В.Е. О разработках шагающих машин. Препринты ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша. 2013;(101):1–32. 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