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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">donstu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2687-1653-2025-25-2-152-164</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">IHQRUT</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">donstu-2403</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTER SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАТИКА, ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕХНИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Approximate Synthesis of Н∞ – Controllers in Nonlinear Dynamic Systems over a Semi-Infinite Time Period</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Приближенный синтез Н∞ – регуляторов в нелинейных динамических системах на полубесконечном промежутке времени</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-3617</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пантелеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panteleev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Владимирович Пантелеев, доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, заведующий, кафедра «Математическая кибернетика» института информационных технологий и прикладной математики</p><p>125993, г. Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei V. Panteleev, Dr.Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Full Professor, Head of the Department of Mathematical Cybernetics, Institute of Information Technology and Applied Mathematics</p><p>4, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avpanteleev@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1544-9105</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Алексеевна Яковлева, аспирант, кафедра «Математическая кибернетика» </p><p>125993, г. Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra A. Yakovleva, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Mathematical Cybernetics, Institute of Information Technology and Applied Mathematics</p><p>4, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ayakovleva982@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>152</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Panteleev A.V., Yakovleva A.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пантелеев А.В., Яковлева А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panteleev A.V., Yakovleva A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2403">https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2403</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Problems and methods of finding Н∞ – control are the basis of modern control theory. They are actively used to develop robust controllers, especially in aircraft control systems under limited external actions. These methods allow for adapting control systems to changing environmental conditions, which is critically important for providing the reliability and safety of aircraft operation. Current research is aimed at improving approaches to the synthesis of controllers covering both linear and nonlinear dynamic systems. In this context, special attention is paid to the integration of new mathematical methods, such as linear matrix inequalities and frequency analysis, which allows for optimizing the system response to various external actions and providing protection against unexpected conditions. It is important to note that, despite the progress made in this area, significant problems remain unsolved regarding the analysis and synthesis of controllers for nonlinear systems. This necessitates further research and development in this promising area. In this paper, in order to fill the existing gap, sufficient conditions for the existence of control for one of the frequently encountered classes of nonlinear systems are formulated and proven, which will then be used as a theoretical basis for developing approximate algorithms for finding it.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The basic research tool was the Н∞ – control synthesis methods based on the minimax approach, which consisted in finding the control law under the worst external action. In this context, it was proposed to prove sufficient conditions for the existence of control using the extension principle. However, due to the computational difficulties that might arise when applying those conditions, it was decided to simplify the initial formulation of the problem. The simplification process was performed by approximate replacing the nonlinear system with another nonlinear system, which was similar in structure to the linear one, using the factorization procedure. This approach made it possible to use the solution of the Riccati equation, whose coefficients depended on the state vector, for the synthesis of controllers. To solve model examples and applied problems, a software package was developed using the MATLAB mathematical package.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The article solved the problem of synthesis of Н∞ – control of the state of nonlinear continuous dynamic systems, linear in control and disturbance. Sufficient conditions for the existence of Н∞ – control were formulated and proved on the basis of the extension principle. An approximate method was proposed that provided solving the problem of finding control laws for dynamic systems that were nonlinear in state, similar to the methods used for linear systems. Analytical solutions were found for two model examples, which were illustrated by graphs of transient processes to demonstrate the results of numerical modeling of the considered nonlinear dynamic systems in the presence of external actions.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed approximate algorithm for synthesizing state and output controllers guarantees the required quality of transient processes and asymptotic stability of closed nonlinear control systems. This significantly expands the class of dynamic systems for which it is possible to synthesize controllers capable of resisting various external actions. The methods presented in this paper can be effectively applied to solve a variety of control problems, including the design of autopilots and automatic navigation systems for aircraft, even under conditions of limited external actions.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Задачи и методы нахождения Н∞ – управления являются основой современной теории управления и активно используются для разработки робастных регуляторов, особенно в системах управления летательными аппаратами под ограниченными внешними воздействиями. Эти методы позволяют адаптировать системы управления к изменяющимся условиям окружающей среды, что критически важно для обеспечения надежности и безопасности работы летательных аппаратов. Текущие исследования направлены на усовершенствование подходов к синтезу регуляторов, охватывающих как линейные, так и нелинейные динамические системы. В этом контексте особое внимание уделяется интеграции новых математических методов, таких как линейные матричные неравенства и частотный анализ, что позволяет оптимизировать отклик системы на различные внешние воздействия и гарантировать защиту от непредвиденных условий. Важно отметить, что, несмотря на достигнутые успехи в данной области, остаются нерешенными значительные проблемы, касающиеся анализа и синтеза регуляторов для нелинейных систем. Это создает необходимость в дальнейших исследованиях и разработках в этой перспективной области. В данной работе с целью заполнения существующего пробела сформулированы и доказаны достаточные условия существования управления для одного из часто встречающихся классов нелинейных систем, которые затем будут использоваться в качестве теоретического обоснования для разработки приближенных алгоритмов его нахождения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В качестве основного инструмента исследования используются методы синтеза Н∞ – управления, основанные на минимаксном подходе, заключающемся в нахождении закона управления в условиях наихудшего внешнего воздействия. В этом контексте предлагается доказать достаточные условия существования управления, используя принцип расширения. Однако из-за вычислительных трудностей, которые могут возникнуть при применении этих условий, было решено упростить исходную постановку задачи. Процесс упрощения осуществлялся путем приближенной замены нелинейной системы на другую нелинейную систему, которая по своей структуре схожа с линейной, с помощью процедуры факторизации. Такой подход позволяет применять решение уравнения Риккати, коэффициенты которого зависят от вектора состояния, для синтеза регуляторов. Для решения модельных примеров и прикладных задач был разработан программный комплекс с использованием математического пакета MATLAB.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. В статье решена проблема синтеза Н∞ – управления состоянием нелинейных непрерывных динамических систем, линейных по управлению и возмущению; сформулированы и на основе принципа расширения доказаны достаточные условия существования Н∞ – управления. Предложен приближенный метод, позволяющий решать задачу нахождения законов управления для динамических систем, нелинейных по состоянию, аналогичный методам, применяемым для линейных систем. Найдены аналитические решения двух модельных примеров, которые проиллюстрированы графиками переходных процессов для демонстрации результатов численного моделирования рассмотренных нелинейных динамических систем в присутствии внешних воздействий.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Предложенный приближенный алгоритм синтеза регуляторов по состоянию и выходу гарантирует необходимое качество переходных процессов и асимптотическую устойчивость замкнутых нелинейных систем управления. Это значительно расширяет класс динамических систем, для которых возможно синтезирование регуляторов, способных противостоять различным внешним воздействиям. Методы, изложенные в данной работе, могут быть эффективно применены для решения множества задач управления, включая проектирование автопилотов и автоматических навигационных систем для летательных аппаратов, даже в условиях ограниченного воздействия извне.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Н∞ – управление</kwd><kwd>нелинейная динамическая система</kwd><kwd>полубесконечный промежуток времени</kwd><kwd>управление с обратной связью</kwd><kwd>синтез регуляторов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Н∞ – control</kwd><kwd>nonlinear dynamic system</kwd><kwd>semi-infinite period of time</kwd><kwd>feedback control</kwd><kwd>controller synthesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курдюков А.П., Андрианова О.Г., Белов А.А., Гольдин Д.А. Между LQG/H2 и H∞ теориями управления. 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