donstuAdvanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)2687-1653Don State Technical University10.23947/1992-5980-2017-17-1-47-54donstu-245Research ArticleMACHINE BUILDING AND MACHINE SCIENCEМАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ И МАШИНОВЕДЕНИЕExperimental research of vibrowave processes in recycling technology of assembly unitsЭкспериментальные исследования виброволновых процессов в технологии утилизации сборочных единицБабичевАнатолий ПрокофьевичBabichevAnatoliy P.vibrotech@mail.ruВеснинВладимир НиколаевичVesninVladimir N.vesnin.1991@mail.ruДонской государственный технический университетРоссияDon State Technical UniversityRussian Federation2017270220181714754Copyright © Babichev A.P., Vesnin V.N., 20172017Бабичев А.П., Веснин В.Н.Babichev A.P., Vesnin V.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/245

Introduction. The work objective is the field research of vibrowave processes in the utilization technology of assembly units (AU) of the agricultural machinery. The reducer from SK-4 discarded combine harvester is used for testing. Materials and Methods. A reducer component complex of different sizes and configurations, various materials, varying oil-consumption pollution is considered. After the exterior check of these test pieces, their weighing was performed. The parts information was registered in the related tables. After weighing and checking, the following stage - vibration washing and clearing operation - was carried out. Various components of cleaning the reducer parts surfaces were used for that. They differed both in composition, and in appearance. The following components: PT15х15, porcelain (mm d=6-8.) and steel (d=5-7mm.) full-spheres, were selected and applied. These experiments were performed in the laboratory of the Engineering Technology Department of Don State Technical University. UVG40 vibratory cleaning washers (chamber volume is 40 l) and UVG4x10 (4 chambers per 10 l each) are installed in this laboratory. Both chambers were activated as not only small-sized pieces, but also large-size ones were involved. Cleaning was conducted in 3 steps. The authors consider this quantity optimum for cleaning the rundown reducer parts. Each period was equal to 90 minutes of the chamber operation with the pieces and an abrasive cleaning component. 2% soda ash solution was added to the operation environment. It helped to soften the oil-consumption pollution for its fastest removal from the reducer parts surfaces. After every step, pieces were removed from the cleaning chambers, washed and dried. Further on, each piece was weighed and compared with the basic weight; its degree of the purification of both external and internal part surfaces was studied. Research Results. On completing the cleaning operation, a comparative analysis on the cleaning degree of the surface of each component was carried out. The most effective component was selected. Discussion and Conclusions. Within the framework of the study, the most effective components of cleaning the reducer surfaces are selected.

Введение. Целью данной работы являлись экспериментальные исследования виброволновых процессов в технологии утилизации сборочных единиц (СЕ) сельскохозяйственной техники. Для опытов использовался редуктор со списанного в утиль зерноуборочного комбайна СК-4. Материалы и методы. В данном исследовании был рассмотрен комплекс деталей редуктора различных размеров и конфигураций, различных материалов, различной степени масляно-эксплуатационных загрязнений. После того, как был проведен внешний осмотр данных образцов, было произведено их взвешивание. Вся информация по деталям была занесена в соответствующие таблицы. После окончания взвешивания и осмотра, авторы приступили к следующему этапу - вибрационной моечно-очистной операции. Для нее использовались различные компоненты очистки поверхностей деталей редуктора. Они отличались как по составу, так и по внешнему виду. Были выбраны и применены следующие компоненты: ПТ15х15, фарфоровые ( d =6-8 мм) и стальные ( d =5-7мм) шары. Опыты проводились в лаборатории кафедры «Технология машиностроения» ДГТУ. В данной лаборатории установлены вибрационные моечно-очистные камеры УВГ40 (объем камеры - 40 л) и УВГ4х10 (4 камеры по 10 л каждая). Были задействованы обе камеры, так как очищались как мелкогабаритные, так и крупногабаритные образцы. Очистка проводилась в 3 этапа, что, по мнению авторов, наиболее оптимально для очистки деталей изношенного редуктора. Каждый период равнялся 90 минутам работы камеры с образцами и абразивным компонентом очистки. В рабочую среду добавлялся 2% раствор кальцинированной соды. Он помогал размягчать масляно-эксплуатационные загрязнения для их скорейшего удаления с поверхностей деталей редуктора. После каждого этапа проводилось изъятие образцов из камер очистки, их промывка и сушка. Далее образцы взвешивали и сравнивали с исходным весом каждой детали, изучали степень очистки как внешних, так и внутренних поверхностей деталей. Результаты исследования . После окончания трех периодов вибрационной моечно-очистной операции всех деталей разобранного редуктора был произведен сравнительный анализ по степени очистки поверхностей каждым из компонентов. Выбран наиболее эффективный компонент. Обсуждения и заключения. В рамках проведенных исследований были выбраны наиболее эффективные компоненты очистки поверхностей редуктора.

утилизацияредукторзерноуборочный комбайнсборочная единицаабразивные гранулыочисткадефектациякомпонентырабочая средажизненный циклrecyclingreduction gearcombine harvestersubunitabrasive granulescleaningfault detectioncomponentsoperating environmentlife cycleReferencesБабичев, А. П. Основы вибрационных технологий / А. П. Бабичев, И. А. Бабичев. - Ростов-на-Дону : изд. центр ДГТУ, 1999. - 624 с.Babichev, А.P., Babichev, I.A. Osnovy vibratsionnykh tekhnologiy. [Vibration technology backgrounds.] Rostovon- Don: DSTU Publ. Centre, 1999, 624 p. (in Russian).Бабичев, А. П. Применение вибрационных технологий на операциях отделочно-зачистной обработки деталей / А. П. Бабичев, П. Д. Мотренко, Л. К. Гиллеспи. - Ростов-на-Дону : изд. центр ДГТУ, 2010. - 287 с.Babichev, А.P., Motrenko, P.D., Gillespie, L.K. Primenenie vibratsionnykh tekhnologiy na operatsiyakh otdelochno-zachistnoy obrabotki detaley. 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Коваль // Вестник Дон. гос. техн. ун-та. - 2012. - № 1 (62). - С. 50-55.Essola, D., Babichev, А.P., Kovalenko, E.N., Koval, N.S. Primenenie kolebaniy (vibratsiy) v protsessakh razborki nepodvizhnykh razdel'nykh soedineniy v usloviyakh remonta i utilizatsii izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Application of vibrowave impact (vibrations) in disassembling fixed demountable joints under restoration and reclamation of engineering products.] Vestnik of DSTU, 2012, no. 1 (62), iss. 1, pp. 50–55 (in Russian).Бабичев, А. П. Совершенствование и сравнительная оценка способов разборки прессовых соединений при ремонте и утилизации изделий машиностроения / А. П. Бабичев, Д. Эссола // Известия Юго-Западного гос. ун-та. - 2014. - № 1 (52). - С. 122-126.Babichev, А.P., Essola, D. Sovershenstvovanie i sravnitel'naya otsenka sposobov razborki pressovykh soedineniy pri remonte i utilizatsii izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Modernization and comparative estimation of methods of disassembling pressed joints (connections) in the process of repairing or during utilization(recycling) of machine building engineering products.] Proceedings of Southwest State University, 2014, no. 1 (52), pp. 122–126 (in Russian).Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Fedorov, V.P. Theoretical bases of the surface layer formation in the finishing and hardening treatment of details by spd- in flexible granular environment/ В сборнике: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering Сер. "International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control Systems 2015, MEACS 2015" 2016. С. 012169.Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Fedorov, V.P. Theoretical bases of the surface layer formation in the finishing and hardening treatment of details by spd- in flexible granular environment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, “International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control Systems, MEACS 2015”, 2016, pp. 012169.Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Vyalikov, I.L. Increased efficiency of vibroabrasive machining in the presence of ultrasound/ Russian Engineering Research.- 2015.- vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 740-744 (in Russian).Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Vyalikov, I.L. Increased efficiency of vibroabrasive machining in the presence of ultrasound. Russian Engineering Research, 2015, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 740-744.Tamarkin, M.A., Glazman, B.S., Korol'kov, Y.V., Popov Y.V. Reducing abrasive wear in centrifugal-rotary machining/ Russian Engineering Research. -2014. - vol. 34, no, 1, pp.60-64 (in Russian).Tamarkin, M.A., Glazman, B.S., Korolkov, Y.V., Popov Y.V. Reducing abrasive wear in centrifugal-rotary machining. Russian Engineering Research, 2014, vol. 34, no, 1, pp.60-64.Бабичев, А. П. Комплексные экспериментальные исследования технологии утилизации сборочной единицы зерноуборочного комбайна (на примере червячного редуктора) / А. П. Бабичев, Д. Эссола, Г. К. Вейсса // Перспективные направления развития финишных методов обработки деталей, виброволновые технологии : сб. трудов междунар. симп. технологов-машиностроителей. - Ростов-на-Дону, 2016. - С. 334-340.Babichev, А.P., Essola, D., Weissa, G.K. Kompleksnye eksperimental'nye issledovaniya tekhnologii utilizatsii sborochnoy edinitsy zernouborochnogo kombayna (na primere chervyachnogo reduktora). [Complex experimental studies on the technology of utilization of combine harvester assembly unit (case of worm gearbox).] Perspektivnye napravleniya razvitiya finishnykh metodov obrabotki detaley, vibrovolnovye tekhnologii: sb. trudov mezhdunar. simp. tekhnologovmashinostroiteley. [Prospective lines of development of finishing methods of part processing techniques, vibro-wave technologies: Proc. Int. Symposium of engineers-machine builders.] Rostov-on-Don, 2016, pp. 334–340 (in Russian).Бабичев, А. П. Технологические и организационно-экономические аспекты утилизации изделий сельхозмашиностроения [Электронный ресурс] // А. П. Бабичев, Б. С. Глазман, Г. К. Вейсса, Т. В. Лавренова / Динамика технических систем «ДТС-2015» : сб. трудов ХII междунар. науч.-техн. конф. - Ростов-на-Дону, 2015. - 1 электрон. опт. диск (CD).Babichev, А.P., Glazman, B.S., Weissa, G.K, Lavrenova, T.V. Tekhnologicheskie i organizatsionnoekonomicheskie aspekty utilizatsii izdeliy sel'khozmashinostroeniya. [Technological and organizational-economic aspects of the utilization of agricultural machinery products.] Dinamika tekhnicheskikh sistem «DTS-2015»: sb. trudov KhII mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf. [Dynamics of “DTS-2015”technical systems: Proc. 12th Int. Sci.-Tech. Conf.] 1 electronic optical disc (CD). Rostov-on-Don, 2015 (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Babichev, I.A. Osnovy vibratsionnykh tekhnologiy. [Vibration technology backgrounds.] Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Publ. Centre, 1999, 624 p. (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Babichev, I.A. Osnovy vibratsionnykh tekhnologiy. [Vibration technology backgrounds.] Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Publ. Centre, 1999, 624 p. (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Motrenko, P.D., Gillespie, L.K. Primenenie vibratsionnykh tekhnologiy na operatsiyakh otdelochno-zachistnoy obrabotki detaley. [Application of vibration technologies for finishing and clearing part operations.] Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Publ. Centre, 2010, 287 p. (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Motrenko, P.D., Gillespie, L.K. Primenenie vibratsionnykh tekhnologiy na operatsiyakh otdelochno-zachistnoy obrabotki detaley. [Application of vibration technologies for finishing and clearing part operations.] Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Publ. Centre, 2010, 287 p. (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Essola, D., Koval, N.S. Vibratsionnye tekhnologii v usloviyakh remonta izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Vibration technologies under engineering product recondition.] Mekhanika udarno-volnovykh protsessov: sb. trudov mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf. [Mechanics of shock-wave processes: Proc. Int. Sci.-Tech. Conf.] Rostov-on-Don, 2012, pp. 204-211 (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Essola, D., Koval, N.S. Vibratsionnye tekhnologii v usloviyakh remonta izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Vibration technologies under engineering product recondition.] Mekhanika udarno-volnovykh protsessov: sb. trudov mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf. [Mechanics of shock-wave processes: Proc. Int. Sci.-Tech. Conf.] Rostov-on-Don, 2012, pp. 204-211 (in Russian).Essola, D., Babichev, А.P., Kovalenko, E.N., Koval, N.S. Primenenie kolebaniy (vibratsiy) v protsessakh razborki nepodvizhnykh razdel'nykh soedineniy v usloviyakh remonta i utilizatsii izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Application of vibrowave impact (vibrations) in disassembling fixed demountable joints under restoration and reclamation of engineering products.] Vestnik of DSTU, 2012, no. 1 (62), iss. 1, pp. 50-55 (in Russian).Essola, D., Babichev, А.P., Kovalenko, E.N., Koval, N.S. Primenenie kolebaniy (vibratsiy) v protsessakh razborki nepodvizhnykh razdel'nykh soedineniy v usloviyakh remonta i utilizatsii izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Application of vibrowave impact (vibrations) in disassembling fixed demountable joints under restoration and reclamation of engineering products.] Vestnik of DSTU, 2012, no. 1 (62), iss. 1, pp. 50-55 (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Essola, D. Sovershenstvovanie i sravnitel'naya otsenka sposobov razborki pressovykh soedineniy pri remonte i utilizatsii izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Modernization and comparative estimation of methods of disassembling pressed joints (connections) in the process of repairing or during utilization(recycling) of machine building engineering products.] Proceedings of Southwest State University, 2014, no. 1 (52), pp. 122-126 (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Essola, D. Sovershenstvovanie i sravnitel'naya otsenka sposobov razborki pressovykh soedineniy pri remonte i utilizatsii izdeliy mashinostroeniya. [Modernization and comparative estimation of methods of disassembling pressed joints (connections) in the process of repairing or during utilization(recycling) of machine building engineering products.] Proceedings of Southwest State University, 2014, no. 1 (52), pp. 122-126 (in Russian).Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Fedorov, V.P. Theoretical bases of the surface layer formation in the finishing and hardening treatment of details by spd- in flexible granular environment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, “International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control Systems, MEACS 2015”, 2016, pp. 012169.Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Fedorov, V.P. Theoretical bases of the surface layer formation in the finishing and hardening treatment of details by spd- in flexible granular environment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, “International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control Systems, MEACS 2015”, 2016, pp. 012169.Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Vyalikov, I.L. Increased efficiency of vibroabrasive machining in the presence of ultrasound. Russian Engineering Research, 2015, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 740-744.Tamarkin, M.A., Tishchenko, E.E., Vyalikov, I.L. Increased efficiency of vibroabrasive machining in the presence of ultrasound. Russian Engineering Research, 2015, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 740-744.Tamarkin, M.A., Glazman, B.S., Korolkov, Y.V., Popov Y.V. Reducing abrasive wear in centrifugal-rotary machining. Russian Engineering Research, 2014, vol. 34, no, 1, pp.60-64.Tamarkin, M.A., Glazman, B.S., Korolkov, Y.V., Popov Y.V. Reducing abrasive wear in centrifugal-rotary machining. Russian Engineering Research, 2014, vol. 34, no, 1, pp.60-64.Babichev, А.P., Essola, D., Weissa, G.K. Kompleksnye eksperimental'nye issledovaniya tekhnologii utilizatsii sborochnoy edinitsy zernouborochnogo kombayna (na primere chervyachnogo reduktora). [Complex experimental studies on the technology of utilization of combine harvester assembly unit (case of worm gearbox).] Perspektivnye napravleniya razvitiya finishnykh metodov obrabotki de-taley, vibrovolnovye tekhnologii: sb. trudov mezhdunar. simp. tekhnologov-mashinostroiteley. [Prospective lines of development of finishing methods of part processing techniques, vibro-wave technologies: Proc. Int. Symposium of engineers-machine builders.] Rostov-on-Don, 2016, pp. 334-340 (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Essola, D., Weissa, G.K. Kompleksnye eksperimental'nye issledovaniya tekhnologii utilizatsii sborochnoy edinitsy zernouborochnogo kombayna (na primere chervyachnogo reduktora). [Complex experimental studies on the technology of utilization of combine harvester assembly unit (case of worm gearbox).] Perspektivnye napravleniya razvitiya finishnykh metodov obrabotki de-taley, vibrovolnovye tekhnologii: sb. trudov mezhdunar. simp. tekhnologov-mashinostroiteley. [Prospective lines of development of finishing methods of part processing techniques, vibro-wave technologies: Proc. Int. Symposium of engineers-machine builders.] Rostov-on-Don, 2016, pp. 334-340 (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Glazman, B.S., Weissa, G.K, Lavrenova, T.V. Tekhnologicheskie i organizatsionno-ekonomicheskie aspekty utilizatsii izdeliy sel'khozmashinostroeniya. [Technological and organizational-economic aspects of the utilization of agricultural machinery products.] Dinamika tekhnicheskikh sistem «DTS-2015»: sb. trudov KhII mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf. [Dynamics of “DTS-2015”technical systems: Proc. 12th Int. Sci.-Tech. Conf.] 1 electronic optical disc (CD). Rostov-on-Don, 2015 (in Russian).Babichev, А.P., Glazman, B.S., Weissa, G.K, Lavrenova, T.V. Tekhnologicheskie i organizatsionno-ekonomicheskie aspekty utilizatsii izdeliy sel'khozmashinostroeniya. [Technological and organizational-economic aspects of the utilization of agricultural machinery products.] Dinamika tekhnicheskikh sistem «DTS-2015»: sb. trudov KhII mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf. [Dynamics of “DTS-2015”technical systems: Proc. 12th Int. Sci.-Tech. Conf.] 1 electronic optical disc (CD). Rostov-on-Don, 2015 (in Russian).

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.