<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">donstu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2687-1653-2025-25-3-197-207</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DFVDDQ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">donstu-2451</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MACHINE BUILDING AND MACHINE SCIENCE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ И МАШИНОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Experimental Study on Positioning Accuracy of an Automated Long-Stroke Rodless Pneumatic Actuator</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экспериментальное исследование точности позиционирования автоматизированного длинноходового бесштокового пневмопривода</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8772-5551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коротыч</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotych</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даниил Андреевич Коротыч, старший преподаватель кафедры «Гидравлика, гидропневмоавтоматика и тепловые процессы»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p><p>Scopus ID: 57222140590</p><p>ResearcherID IIU-3108-2023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Korotych, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Hydraulics, Hydropneumoautomatics and Thermal Processes</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p><p>Scopus ID: 57222140590</p><p>ResearchGate IIU-3108-2023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daniilberuk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>197</fpage><lpage>207</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Korotych D.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коротыч Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korotych D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2451">https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2451</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In modern industrial processes, pneumatic actuators with long-stroke movements play an important role. However, their use is limited by low accuracy resulting from the difficulties of controlling air flows. These limitations are caused by the compressibility of air and thermodynamic processes, which makes it urgent to improve the accuracy of such systems. The conducted analysis of scientific literature shows that modern research is mainly focused on the use of systems with standard cylinders with a working stroke limited to three meters. At the same time, the issues of development and research of long-stroke systems of rodless pneumatic drives, capable of having a stroke length of up to six meters, remain insufficiently studied. The introduction of advanced control systems in this type of drives involves significant investments in a high-tech electronic base and additional structural elements. In this regard, the development of fundamentally new technical solutions that allow for the efficient operation of mechanisms with a working stroke of more than three meters while maintaining the required technical parameters and economic efficiency, is of particular relevance. In the framework of previous studies, the author proposed a design of a pneumatic drive for long-stroke movements, equipped with a unique control system based on a jet sensor and an external brake mechanism. Its mathematical modeling and theoretical analysis were also performed, which made it possible to identify key factors affecting the accuracy of positioning. To validate the mathematical model and the hypotheses put forward, the objective of this research is to experimentally verify the results of mathematical modeling of a positioning long-stroke rodless pneumatic actuator, as well as to confirm the degree of influence of key factors on positioning accuracy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The work involved a stand that was a technical model of a pneumatic drive with an original control system, including a jet sensor and an external brake device. To verify the operability and accuracy of the jet sensor readings, the spillage method was applied using the Camozzi MF4008-10-R-BV-A flow sensor after the element under study, and Camozzi SWCN-P10-P3-2 pressure sensors placed before and after the considered element. The tests conducted on the developed jet sensor showed high reliability and stability of operation in various operating modes. The experimental study of a long-stroke rodless pneumatic actuator included evaluation of the actuator's technical capabilities, analysis of positional cycles, study on the effect of external factors, and comparison of the results of computational and full-scale experiments. The results of computational and full-scale experiments were processed using the Mathcad and MATLAB software packages. The dependences of positioning accuracy on mass and stroke length were constructed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The reliability of the model was established at the level of the maximum discrepancy between the experimental data and the results of mathematical modeling, which amounted to 18%. That confirmed the adequacy of the developed model for engineering calculations. The effect of the load mass on the accuracy of positioning was experimentally established. With an increase in mass from 10 to 30 kg, the accuracy decreased by 1.47 times, and with a mass of 60 kg, the accuracy deteriorated by another 1.37 times relative to the base mass of 10 kg. In addition, the effect of stop coordinates was studied: the dependence of positioning accuracy on the position of the actuator was established. When moving from 0.1 m to 0.22 m, the accuracy deteriorated by 3.2 times, but with further movement to 0.35 m, it improved by 2.2 times.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The conducted experimental studies allowed achieving good results in the development of long-stroke pneumatic drives. Successful verification of the mathematical model confirmed the correctness of both the model itself and the theoretical studies conducted in the author's previous works. The positioning accuracy of the drive of 77 microns at a distance of over three meters was reached. This indicator significantly exceeds the results presented in the studies of other authors, which shows the high potential of the developed design. The economic efficiency of the proposed solution is due to the absence of an electronic component base in the control system. This not only reduces initial production costs, but also significantly simplifies maintenance of the drive under operation. The comparative analysis with existing developments confirms the superiority of the proposed system in terms of cost criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The conducted studies confirmed the efficiency of the developed solutions for a long-stroke rodless pneumatic actuator. Practical significance of the study is determined by the possibility of using the obtained results in creating high-precision long-stroke mechanisms in various industries. The developed design can be used in automated production lines, robotic complexes, and other areas where precise positioning over significant distances is required. Promising areas for further research are the optimization of the control system parameters to reach even higher positioning accuracy, and the development of calculation methods for positioning long-stroke pneumatic drives.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В современных промышленных процессах пневматические приводы с длинноходовыми перемещениями играют важную роль. Однако их использование ограничено низкой точностью, вызванной сложностями управления воздушными потоками. Эти ограничения обусловлены сжимаемостью воздуха и термодинамическими процессами, что делает актуальной задачу повышения точности таких систем. Проведённый анализ научной литературы показывает, что современные исследования в основном сосредоточены на применении систем со стандартными цилиндрами, рабочий ход которых ограничен тремя метрами. В то же время вопросы разработки и исследования длинноходовых систем бесштоковых пневмоприводов, способных иметь длину хода до шести метров, остаются недостаточно изученными. Внедрение усовершенствованных систем управления в такие приводы связано со значительными инвестициями в высокотехнологичную электронную базу и дополнительные конструктивные элементы. В связи с этим особую актуальность приобретает разработка принципиально новых технических решений, позволяющих эффективно эксплуатировать механизмы с рабочим ходом более трёх метров при сохранении необходимых технических параметров и экономической эффективности. В рамках предыдущих исследований автором была предложена конструкция пневмопривода длинноходовых перемещений, оснащённая уникальной системой управления на базе струйного датчика и внешнего тормозного механизма; также было выполнено его математическое моделирование и теоретический анализ, что позволило выделить ключевые факторы, влияющие на точность позиционирования. Для подтверждения адекватности математической модели и выдвинутых гипотез целью настоящей работы является экспериментальная верификация результатов математического моделирования позиционного длинноходового бесштокового пневмопривода, а также подтверждение степени влияния ключевых факторов на точность позиционирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе был использован стенд, представляющий собой техническую модель пневмопривода с оригинальной системой управления, включающей струйный датчик и внешнее тормозное устройство. Для верификации работоспособности и точности показаний струйного датчика был применён метод проливки с использованием датчика расхода Camozzi MF4008-10-R-BV-A, установленного после исследуемого элемента, а также датчиков давления Camozzi SWCN-P10-P3-2, размещённых перед и после исследуемого элемента. Проведённые испытания разработанного струйного датчика продемонстрировали высокую надёжность и стабильность работы в различных эксплуатационных режимах. Экспериментальное исследование длинноходового бесштокового пневмопривода включало в себя: оценку технических возможностей привода, анализ позиционных циклов, изучение влияния внешних факторов и сравнение результатов вычислительных и натурных экспериментов. С помощью пакета прикладных программ Mathcad и Matlab обрабатывались результаты вычислительного и натурного экспериментов, а также были построены зависимости точности позиционирования от массы и длины хода.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Достоверность модели была установлена на уровне максимального расхождения между экспериментальными данными и итогами математического моделирования, составившего 18 %, что подтверждает адекватность разработанной модели для инженерных расчетов. Экспериментально установлено влияние массы груза на точность позиционирования. При увеличении массы с 10 до 30 кг точность снижается в 1,47 раза, а при массе в 60 кг точность ухудшается еще на 1,37 раза относительно базовой массы в 10 кг. Кроме того, исследовано воздействие координат остановки: установлена зависимость точности позиционирования от положения исполнительного элемента. При перемещении от 0,1 м до 0,22 м точность ухудшается в 3,2 раза, однако при дальнейшем перемещении до 0,35 м она улучшается в 2,2 раза.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Проведенные экспериментальные исследования позволили добиться хороших результатов в области разработки длинноходовых пневмоприводов. Успешная верификация математической модели подтверждает корректность как самой модели, так и теоретических исследований, проведенных в предыдущих работах автора. Достигнута точность позиционирования привода 77 мкм на дистанции свыше трех метров. Этот показатель существенно превосходит результаты, представленные в исследованиях других авторов, что свидетельствует о высоком потенциале разработанной конструкции. Экономическая эффективность предложенного решения обусловлена отсутствием электронной компонентной базы в системе управления. Это не только снижает первоначальные затраты на производство, но и существенно упрощает техническое обслуживание привода в процессе эксплуатации. Сравнительный анализ с существующими разработками подтверждает превосходство предложенной системы по критерию затрат.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведенные исследования подтвердили эффективность разработанных решений для длинноходового бесштокового пневмопривода. Практическая значимость исследования определяется возможностью применения полученных результатов при создании высокоточных длинноходовых механизмов в различных отраслях промышленности. Разработанная конструкция может быть использована в автоматизированных производственных линиях, робототехнических комплексах и других областях, где требуется точное позиционирование на значительных расстояниях. Перспективными направлениями дальнейших исследований являются оптимизация параметров управляющей системы для достижения еще более высокой точности позиционирования и разработка методик расчета позиционных длинноходовых пневмоприводов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>струйная система управления бесштоковым пневмоприводом</kwd><kwd>бесштоковый длинноходовой пневмопривод</kwd><kwd>позиционирование пневмопривода</kwd><kwd>пневматический датчик бесштокового пневмопривода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>jet control system for a rodless pneumatic actuator</kwd><kwd>rodless long-stroke pneumatic actuator</kwd><kwd>positioning of a pneumatic actuator</kwd><kwd>pneumatic sensor for a rodless pneumatic actuator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hongwei Zhu, Zhiwen Wang, Hu Wang, Zecheng Zhao, Wei Xiong. Leakage Fault Diagnosis of Two Parallel Cylinders in Pneumatic System with a Minimal Number of Sensors. Electronics. 2023;12(15):3261. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12153261</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hongwei Zhu, Zhiwen Wang, Hu Wang, Zecheng Zhao, Wei Xiong. Leakage Fault Diagnosis of Two Parallel Cylinders in Pneumatic System with a Minimal Number of Sensors. Electronics. 2023;12(15):3261. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12153261</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ракуленко C.В. Гидропривод зависимой подачи инструмента (на примере мобильной буровой машины). Дис. канд. техн. наук. Ростов-на-Дону: Донской государственный технический университет; 2019. 165 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rakulenko SV. Hydraulic Drive of Dependent Tool Advance (Using a Mobile Drilling Machine). Cand.Sci. (Engineering) diss. Rostov-on-Don: DSTU; 2019. 165 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mosadegh B, Polygerinos P, Keplinger C, Wennstedt S, Shepherd RF, Gupta U, et al. Pneumatic Networks for Soft Robotics that Actuate Rapidly. Advanced Functional Materials. 2014;24(15):2163–2170. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201303288</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosadegh B, Polygerinos P, Keplinger C, Wennstedt S, ShepherdRF, Gupta U, et al. Pneumatic Networks for Soft Robotics that Actuate Rapidly. Advanced Functional Materials. 2014;24(15):2163–2170. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201303288</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thanh Nguyen Truong, Anh Tuan Vo, Hee-Jun Kang. A Backstepping Global Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Trajectory Tracking Control of Industrial Robotic Manipulators. IEEE Access. 2021;9:31921-31931. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3060115</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thanh Nguyen Truong, Anh Tuan Vo, Hee-Jun Kang. A Backstepping Global Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Trajectory Tracking Control of Industrial Robotic Manipulators. IEEE Access. 2021;9:31921-31931. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3060115</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yilmaz BM, Tatlicioglu E, Savran A, Alci M. Self-Adjusting Fuzzy Logic Based Control of Robot Manipulators in Task Space. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2021;69:1620–1629. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2021.3063970</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yilmaz BM, Tatlicioglu E, Savran A, Alci M. Self-Adjusting Fuzzy Logic Based Control of Robot Manipulators in Task Space. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2021;69:1620–1629. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2021.3063970</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jihong Wang, Tim Gordon. Energy Optimal Control of Servo-Pneumatic Cylinders through Nonlinear Static Feedback Linearization. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control. 2012;134(5):051005. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4006084</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jihong Wang, Tim Gordon. Energy Optimal Control of Servo-Pneumatic Cylinders through Nonlinear Static Feedback Linearization. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control. 2012;134(5):051005. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4006084</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fracczak L, Nowak M, Koter K. Flexible Push Pneumatic Actuator with High Elongation. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 2021;321:112578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.112578</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fracczak L, Nowak M, Koter K. Flexible Push Pneumatic Actuator with High Elongation. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 2021;321:112578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.112578</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коротыч Д.А., Сидоренко В.С., Приходько С.П. Исследование динамических характеристик автоматизированного позиционного длинноходового пневмопривода технологического оборудования. Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don). 2023;23(3):283–295. https://doi.org/10.23947/2687-1653-2023-23-3-283-295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korotych DA, Sidorenko VS, Prikhodko SP. Investigation of Dynamic Characteristics of an Automated Position Long-Stroke Pneumatic Actuator of Fabrication System. Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don). 2023;23(3):283–295. https://doi.org/10.23947/2687-1653-2023-23-3-283-295</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurmyshev E, Jiménez M, Castaneda C. Experimental Study of Double-Acting Cylinder. Experimental Techniques. 2020;44(2):355–367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-020-00359-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurmyshev E, Jiménez M, Castaneda C. Experimental Study of Double-Acting Cylinder. Experimental Techniques. 2020;44(2):355–367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-020-00359-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шилин Д.В. Повышение точности позиционирования каретки бесштокового пневмоагрегата. Дис. канд. техн. наук. Москва: Национальный исследовательский университет «МЭИ»; 2016. 257 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shilin DV. Increasing the Accuracy of Positioning the Carriage of a Rodless Pneumatic Unit. Cand.Sci. (Engineering) diss. Moscow: National Research University MPEI; 2016. 257 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Urrea C, Kern J, Alvarado J. Design and Evaluation of a New Fuzzy Control Algorithm Applied to a Manipulator Robot. Applied Sciences. 2020;10(21):7482. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217482</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Urrea C, Kern J, Alvarado J. Design and Evaluation of a New Fuzzy Control Algorithm Applied to a Manipulator Robot. Applied Sciences. 2020;10(21):7482. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217482</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Behrouz Najjari, Masoud Barakati S, Ali Mohammadi, Mohammad Javad Fotuhi, Saeid Farahat, Mohammad Bostanian. Modelling and Controller Design of Electro-Pneumatic Actuator Based on PWM. International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA). 2012;1(3):125–136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Behrouz Najjari, Masoud Barakati S, Ali Mohammadi, Mohammad Javad Fotuhi, Saeid Farahat, Mohammad Bostanian. Modelling and Controller Design of Electro-Pneumatic Actuator Based on PWM. International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA). 2012;1(3):125–136.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дао Тхе Ань. Позиционный пневмопривод повышенного быстродействия и точности. Дисс. канд. техн. наук. Ростов-на-Дону: Донской государственный технический университет; 2016. 206 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dao The Anh. High-Speed and High-Precision Positional Pneumatic Drive. Cand.Sci. (Engineering) diss. Rostovon-Don: DSTU; 2015. 206 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mobayen S, Mofid O, Din SU, Bartoszewicz A. Finite-Time Tracking Controller Design of Perturbed Robotic Manipulator Based on Adaptive Second Order Sliding Mode Control Method. IEEE Access. 2021;9:71159–71169. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3078760</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mobayen S, Mofid O, Din SU, Bartoszewicz A. Finite-Time Tracking Controller Design of Perturbed Robotic Manipulator Based on Adaptive Second Order Sliding Mode Control Method. IEEE Access. 2021;9:71159–71169. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3078760</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чаплыгин Э.И., Дьячков Е.А., Горюнов В.А., Бурков Ю.Г. Струйное устройство позиционирования привода возвратно-поступательного движения. Патент РФ № RU 2352973 C1. 2009. 6 с. URL: https://patents.s3.yandex.net/RU2352973C1_20090420.pdf (дата обращения: 20.06.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chaplygin EhI, D’jachkov EA, Gorjunov VA, Burkov JuG. Jet Device for Positioning of Reciprocal Motion Drive. RF Patent No. RU 2352973 C1. 2009. 6 p. URL: https://patents.s3.yandex.net/RU2352973C1_20090420.pdf (accessed: 20.06.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bae Hyo-Jeong, Jin Maolin, Suh Jinho, Lee Jun Young, Chang Pyung-Hun, Ahn Doo-sung. Control of Robot Manipulators Using Time-Delay Estimation and Fuzzy Logic Systems. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology. 2017;12(3):1271–1279. http://doi.org/10.5370/JEET.2017.12.3.1271</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bae Hyo-Jeong, Jin Maolin, Suh Jinho, Lee Jun Young, Chang Pyung-Hun, Ahn Doo-sung. Control of Robot Manipulators Using Time-Delay Estimation and Fuzzy Logic Systems. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology. 2017;12(3):1271–1279. http://doi.org/10.5370/JEET.2017.12.3.1271</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Obukhova EN, Popov AN. Synergetic Synthesis of Nonlinear Adaptive Control for Pneumatic Drives. In: Proc. IV International Conference on Control in Technical Systems (CTS). New York City: IEEE; 2021. P. 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS53513.2021.9562786</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obukhova EN, Popov AN. Synergetic Synthesis of Nonlinear Adaptive Control for Pneumatic Drives. In: Proc. IV International Conference on Control in Technical Systems (CTS). New York City: IEEE; 2021. P. 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS53513.2021.9562786</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shenglin Mu, Seigo Goto, Satoru Shibata, Tomonori Yamamoto. Intelligent Position Control for Pneumatic Servo System Based on Predictive Fuzzy Control. Computers and Electrical Engineering. 2019;75:112–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2019.02.016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shenglin Mu, Seigo Goto, Satoru Shibata, Tomonori Yamamoto. Intelligent Position Control for Pneumatic Servo System Based on Predictive Fuzzy Control. Computers and Electrical Engineering. 2019;75:112–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2019.02.016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Novoselov OG, Sabitov LS, Sibgatullin KE, Sibgatullin ES, Klyuev AV, Klyuev SV, et al. Method for Calculating the Strength of Massive Structural Elements in the General Case of Their Stress-Strain State (Parametric Equations of the Strength Surface). Construction Materials and Products. 2023;6(2):104–120. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-2-104-120</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novoselov OG, Sabitov LS, Sibgatullin KE, Sibgatullin ES, Klyuev AV, Klyuev SV, et al. Method for Calculating the Strength of Massive Structural Elements in the General Case of Their Stress-Strain State (Parametric Equations of the Strength Surface). Construction Materials and Products. 2023;6(2):104–120. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-2-104-120</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коротыч Д.А., Сидоренко В.С., Приходько С.П. Струйная позиционная пневматическая система привода длинноходовых установочных координатных перемещений. Патент РФ № RU 2802568 C1. 2023. 10 с. URL: https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/f5/07/6c/7d26ddebc8dd07/RU2802568C1.pdf (дата обращения: 20.06.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korotych DA, Sidorenko VS, Prikhodko SP. Jet Positional Pneumatic Drive System for Long-Stroke Positioning Coordinate Movements. RF Patent No. RU 2802568 C1. 2023. 10 p. URL: https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/f5/07/6c/7d26ddebc8dd07/RU2802568C1.pdf (accessed: 20.06.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Božek P, Nikitin Yu. The Development of an Optimally-Tuned PID Control for the Actuator of a Transport Robot. Actuators. 2021;10(8):195. https://doi.org/10.3390/act10080195</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Božek P, Nikitin Yu. The Development of an Optimally-Tuned PID Control for the Actuator of a Transport Robot. Actuators. 2021;10(8):195. https://doi.org/10.3390/act10080195</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hailin Sun, Longlong Gao, Zhixin Zhao, Baoren Li. Finite-Time Active Disturbance Rejection Control for High-Pressure Pneumatic Servo System Subject to Matched and Mismatched Disturbances. In: Proc. 9th International Conference on Fluid Power and Mechatronics (FPM). New York City: IEEE; 2023. P. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/FPM57590.2023.10565461</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hailin Sun, Longlong Gao, Zhixin Zhao, Baoren Li. Finite-Time Active Disturbance Rejection Control for High-Pressure Pneumatic Servo System Subject to Matched and Mismatched Disturbances. In: Proc. 9th International Conference on Fluid Power and Mechatronics (FPM). New York City: IEEE; 2023. P. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/FPM57590.2023.10565461</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weiping Hu, Rahim Mutlu, Weihua Li, Gursel Alici. A Structural Optimisation Method for a Soft Pneumatic Actuator. Robotics. 2018;7(2):24. https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics7020024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weiping Hu, Rahim Mutlu, Weihua Li, Gursel Alici. A Structural Optimisation Method for a Soft Pneumatic Actuator. Robotics. 2018;7(2):24. https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics7020024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галлямов Ш.Р., Стариков К.В., Целищев В.А. Экспериментальное исследование характеристик пневмопривода FESTO с пропорциональным распределителем расхода. Вестник Уфимского государственного авиационного технического университета. 2011;15(1):26–33. URL: http://journal.ugatu.su/index.php/Vestnik/article/view/900 (дата обращения: 20.06.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gallyamov ShR, Starikov KV, Celischev VA. Experimental Study on the Characteristics of the FESTO Pneumatic Drive with a Proportional Flow Distributor. Vestnik UGATU. 2011;15(1):26–33. (In Russ.). URL: http://journal.ugatu.su/index.php/Vestnik/article/view/900 (accessed: 20.06.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Novoselov OG, Sabitov LS, Sibgatullin KE, Sibgatullin ES, Klyuev AS, Klyuev SV, et al. Method for Calculating the Strength of Massive Structural Elements in the General Case of Their Stress-Strain State (Kinematic Method). Construction Materials and Products. 2023;6(3):5–17. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-3-5-17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novoselov OG, Sabitov LS, Sibgatullin KE, Sibgatullin ES, Klyuev AS, Klyuev SV, et al. Method for Calculating the Strength of Massive Structural Elements in the General Case of Their Stress-Strain State (Kinematic Method). Construction Materials and Products. 2023;6(3):5–17. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-3-5-17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vardhan Alok, Dasgupta Kaustubh, Mishra Santosh. Dynamic Analysis of a Closed-Circuit Hydraulic Drive System Used in the Rotary Head of Blasthole Drilling Machine Using MATLAB–Simulink Environment. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering. 2018;233(6):702–719. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959651818808870</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vardhan Alok, Dasgupta Kaustubh, Mishra Santosh. Dynamic Analysis of a Closed-Circuit Hydraulic Drive System Used in the Rotary Head of Blasthole Drilling Machine Using MATLAB–Simulink Environment. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering. 2018;233(6):702–719. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959651818808870</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abela K, Refalo P. Analysis of Pneumatic Parameters to Identify Leakages and Faults on the Demand Side of a Compressed Air System. Cleaner Engineering and Technology. 2022;6:100355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100355</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abela K, Refalo P. Analysis of Pneumatic Parameters to Identify Leakages and Faults on the Demand Side of a Compressed Air System. Cleaner Engineering and Technology. 2022;6:100355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100355</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дао Тхе Ань, Сидоренко В.С., Дымочкин Д.Д. Исследование точности позиционирования автоматизированного пневмопривода с внешним тормозным устройством. Вестник Донского государственного технического университета. 2015;15(4):46–53. https://doi.org/10.12737/16077.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Anh Dao, Sidorenko VS, Dymochkin DD. Study on Positioning Accuracy of Automated Pneumatic Drive with an Outer Brake. Vestnik of Don State Technical University. 2015;15(4):46–53. https://doi.org/10.12737/16077</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grishchenko VI, Kilina MS, Dolgov GA. Mathematical Model of Hydraulic Shock Absorber with Feedback. In: Radionov AA, Gasiyarov VR (eds). Proc. 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Cham: Springer; 2021. P.1262–1270. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54817-9_147</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grishchenko VI, Kilina MS, Dolgov GA. Mathematical Model of Hydraulic Shock Absorber with Feedback. In: Radionov AA, Gasiyarov VR (eds). Proc. 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Cham: Springer; 2021. P.1262–1270. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54817-9_147</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lemeshko M, Molev M, Golovin I. Hydraulic Technological Machines with Adaptive Drive Structure. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018;224:02087. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822402087</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lemeshko M, Molev M, Golovin I. Hydraulic Technological Machines with Adaptive Drive Structure. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018;224:02087. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822402087</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ling Zhao, Shaomeng Gu, Jinhui Zhang, Sihang Li. Finite-Time Trajectory Tracking Control for Rodless Pneumatic Cylinder Systems with Disturbances. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2022;69(4):137–4147. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2021.3071707</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ling Zhao, Shaomeng Gu, Jinhui Zhang, Sihang Li. Finite-Time Trajectory Tracking Control for Rodless Pneumatic Cylinder Systems with Disturbances. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2022;69(4):137–4147. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2021.3071707</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haili Li, Jiantao Yao, Pan Zhou, Xinbo Chen, Yundou Xu, Yongsheng Zhao. High-Force Soft Pneumatic Actuators Based on Novel Casting Method for Robotic Applications. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 2020;306:111957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2020.111957</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haili Li, Jiantao Yao, Pan Zhou, Xinbo Chen, Yundou Xu, Yongsheng Zhao. High-Force Soft Pneumatic Actuators Based on Novel Casting Method for Robotic Applications. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 2020;306:111957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2020.111957</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xiaoqian Chen, Xiang Zhang, Yiyong Huang, Lu Cao, Jinguo Liu. A Review of Soft Manipulator Research, Applications, and Opportunities. Journal of Field Robotics. 2022;39(3):281–311. https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22051.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xiaoqian Chen, Xiang Zhang, Yiyong Huang, Lu Cao, Jinguo Liu. A Review of Soft Manipulator Research, Applications, and Opportunities. Journal of Field Robotics. 2022;39(3):281–311. https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22051.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
