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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">donstu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2687-1653-2025-25-4-2215</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DWKVUM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">donstu-2543</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTER SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАТИКА, ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕХНИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Comparative Analysis of Neural Network and Machine Learning Models for Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction on Shenzhen Expressway</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ нейросетевой и машинной моделей для краткосрочного прогнозирования транспортного потока на скоростной автомагистрали Мэйгуан Шэньчжэня</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0387-2580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топилин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topilin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Владимирович Топилин, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Организация перевозок и дорожного движения»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57193746467</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Topilin, Cand.Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Organization of Transportation and Road Traffic Management</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57193746467</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivan_top@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0148-2489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хань</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Han</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мэньи Хань, аспирант кафедры «Организация перевозок и дорожного движения»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mengyi Han, Postgraduate student of the Department of Organization of Transportation and Road Traffic Management</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hanmengyi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-4246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Феофилова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Feofilova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Александровна Феофилова, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Организация перевозок и дорожного движения»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57193742031</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Feofilova, Cand.Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Organization of Transportation and Road Traffic Management</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57193742031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">afeofilova@donstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4727-205X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бескопыльный</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beskopylny</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Алексеевич Бескопыльный, аспирант кафедры «Организация перевозок и дорожного движения»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p><p>Scopus ID: 57221328153</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Beskopylny, Postgraduate student of the Department of Organization of Transportation and Road Traffic Management</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p><p>Scopus ID: 57221328153</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nbeskopylnyi@donstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>350</fpage><lpage>362</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Topilin I.V., Han M., Feofilova A.A., Beskopylny N.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Топилин И.В., Хань М., Феофилова А.А., Бескопыльный Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Topilin I.V., Han M., Feofilova A.A., Beskopylny N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2543">https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2543</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. With highway congestion increasing, the efficiency of intelligent transportation systems depends on highquality short-term traffic prediction. Statistical methods do not adequately account for nonlinear and dynamic traffic changes. Long short-term memory (LSTM) and support vector machines (SVR) offer more promising solutions. However, they are not ranked in terms of accuracy, as there are no studies comprehensively comparing their adequacy for shortterm traffic flow prediction. The proposed study fills this gap. The research objective is to compare the accuracy of LSTM and SVR, and select the optimal approach for traffic flow prediction on Shenzhen Meiguang Expressway.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Traffic detector data was collected on the Meiguan Expressway in June 2021. Data preprocessing methods were used, including weighted mean imputation and normalization. Autocorrelation analysis was used for feature extraction, along with the creation of an interaction variable between speed and detector occupancy. Models were trained and tested on data collected from detectors at 5-minute intervals.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. LSTM performed 17.86% better in terms of root mean square error, 19.82% better in terms of mean absolute error, and 25.78% better in terms of mean absolute percentage error. In periods with the lowest flow rate prediction error, RMSE, MAE, and MAPE for the LSTM model were 36.5%, 34.3%, and 42.3% lower, respectively. In periods with the highest error, RMSE, MAE, and MAPE for the LSTM model were 73.2%, 65.4%, and 64.4% lower, respectively. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test &lt;0.05 confirmed the statistical significance of the differences.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The superior predictive performance of LSTM stems from its architecture, namely, the combination of interaction variables and lag metrics. LSTM accounts better for flow time dependences, adapts to complex, long-term dynamic changes, and remains accurate even with significant fluctuations. The lower predictive performance of SVR stems from its weak, nonlinear approximation ability. Sudden flow changes increase significantly error rates.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. When choosing between a neural network and a machine learning model for short-term traffic flow prediction on an expressway, the neural network model, such as LSTM, should be preferred. These research results can be useful in predictive strategies for reducing congestion. Short-term prediction based on LSTM can serve as a basis for optimizing traffic management, reducing congestion and pollutant emissions, and for optimizing intelligent transportation systems. A promising direction is the development of hybrid architectures that integrate contextual data (weather, infrastructure, accidents) to improve real-time predictions.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. При растущей загруженности автомагистралей эффективность интеллектуальных транспортных систем зависит от качественного краткосрочного прогнозирования потоков. Статистические методы недостаточно точно учитывают нелинейные и динамические изменения трафика. Более перспективны модель долгой краткосрочной памяти (LSTM) и метод опорных векторов (SVR). Однако они не ранжированы в плане корректности, так как нет работ по комплексному сопоставлению их адекватности для краткосрочного прогнозирования потоков. Представленное исследование восполняет этот пробел. Цель работы — сравнительный анализ точности LSTM и SVR и выбор оптимального подхода для прогнозирования транспортного потока на автомагистрали Мэйгуан Шэньчжэня.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Данные детекторов транспорта собраны в июне 2021 года на автомагистрали Мэйгуан. Использовались методы предварительной обработки данных, включая заполнение взвешенным средним и нормализацию. Для извлечения признаков применили автокорреляционный анализ, а также создание переменной взаимодействия скорости и занятости детектора. Модели обучались и тестировались на данных, полученных с детекторов с 5-минутными интервалами.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Показатели LSTM лучше на 17,86 % по среднеквадратической, на 19,82 % — по средней абсолютной и на 25,78 % — по средней абсолютной процентной ошибке. В периодах с наименьшей ошибкой прогнозирования интенсивности потока RMSE, MAE и MAPE для модели LSTM оказались меньше на 36,5 %, 34,3 % и 42,3 % соответственно. В периодах c наибольшей ошибкой RMSE, MAE и MAPE для LSTM оказались меньше на 73,2 %, 65,4 % и 64,4 % соответственно. Критерий Уилкоксона &lt;0,05 подтвердил статистическую значимость различий.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Лучшие прогнозные возможности LSTM обусловлены ее архитектурой, а именно комбинированием переменных взаимодействия и лаговых показателей. LSTM лучше учитывает временные зависимости потока, адаптируется к его сложным, долгосрочным динамическим изменениям и остается точной даже при значительных колебаниях. Меньшая прогнозная эффективность SVR обусловлена слабой, нелинейной аппроксимирующей способностью. При резких изменениях потока существенно увеличиваются показатели ошибок.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При краткосрочном прогнозировании транспортного потока на скоростной автомагистрали, выбирая между нейросетевой и машинной моделью, следует предпочесть нейросетевую — например, LSTM. Результаты исследования целесообразно использовать в предиктивных стратегиях снижения заторов. Краткосрочное прогнозирование на основе LSTM может быть базой для оптимизации управления дорожным движением, снижения заторов и загрязняющих выбросов, а также для оптимизации интеллектуальных транспортных систем. Перспективное направление — разработка гибридных архитектур, интегрирующих контекстные данные (погода, инфраструктура, аварии) для улучшения прогнозов в режиме реального времени.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>краткосрочное прогнозирование транспортных потоков</kwd><kwd>ошибка прогнозирования интенсивности потока</kwd><kwd>модель долгой краткосрочной памяти (LSTM)</kwd><kwd>метод опорных векторов для регрессии (SVR)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>short-term traffic flow prediction</kwd><kwd>traffic flow prediction error</kwd><kwd>long short-term memory (LSTM) model</kwd><kwd>support vector machine for regression (SVR)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garg T, Kaur G. A Systematic Review on Intelligent Transport Systems. 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