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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">donstu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2687-1653-2026-26-1-2283</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">IAAMVK</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">donstu-2627</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTER SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАТИКА, ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕХНИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Electronic Structure Characteristics of Complex Chalcogenides, Halides, and Oxides from Quantum-Mechanical Calculations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности электронной структуры сложных халькогенидов, галогенидов и оксидов, определенные по результатам квантово-механических расчетов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4726-0162</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаврентьев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrentyev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Александрович Лаврентьев, доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Электротехника и электроника»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6701574562</p><p>SPIN-код: 4121-5607</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoliy A. Lavrentyev, Dr.Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Head of the Electrical Engineering and Electronics Department</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6701574562</p><p>SPIN-code: 4121-5607</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alavrentyev@donstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2525-6174</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габрельян</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabrelian</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борис Витальевич Габрельян, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент кафедры «Программное обеспечение вычислительной техники и автоматизированных систем»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p><p>ResearcherID: MXM-2606-2025</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6603244226</p><p>SPIN-код: 4411-7448</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris V. Gabrelian, Cand.Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor of the Computer and Automated Systems Software Department</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000</p><p>ResearcherID: MXM-2606-2025</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6603244226</p><p>SPIN-code: 4411-7448</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boris.gabrelian@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3872-8323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туан</surname><given-names>Ву Ван</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tuan</surname><given-names>Vu Van</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ву Ван Туан, кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории вычислительной физики Института вычислительной науки и искусственного интеллекта Университета Ван Ланг</p><p>г. Хошимин</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57214105974</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vu Van Tuan, Cand.Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University</p><p>69/68, Dang Thuy Tram, Binh Loi Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57214105974</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vuvan.tuan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5947-9268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калмыкова</surname><given-names>К. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalmykova</surname><given-names>K. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Федоровна Калмыкова, старший преподаватель кафедры «Электротехника и электроника»</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57211123433</p><p>SPIN-код: 6494-2333</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya F. Kalmykova, Senior Lecturer of the Electrical Engineering and Electronics Department</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57211123433</p><p>SPIN-code: 6494-2333</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">16ksy16@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт вычислительной науки и искусственного интеллекта, Университет Ван Ланг; Технологическая школа, Университет Ван Ланг</institution><country>Вьетнам</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University; School of Technology, Van Lang University</institution><country>Viet Nam</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>2283</fpage><lpage>2283</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Lavrentyev A.A., Gabrelian B.V., Tuan V.V., Kalmykova K.F., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лаврентьев А.А., Габрельян Б.В., Туан В.В., Калмыкова К.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lavrentyev A.A., Gabrelian B.V., Tuan V.V., Kalmykova K.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2627">https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/2627</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Modern quantum and optoelectronics, as well as nonlinear optics, place high demands on the physical and chemical properties of the materials used. This necessitates, among other things, the search for new materials that possess the properties required for a given application. At the same time, this approach can complicate the composition and crystal structure of the resulting compounds. The electronic structure of complex compounds determines their electrical, optical, magnetic, and chemical properties. These properties are unique to each compound. However, it is known that different compounds that are similar in some important parameters, for example isoelectronic ones, exhibit similarities in the structure of their electronic shells. The accumulation of such information on individual compounds and their groups necessitates generalizing the data obtained. The research objective is to consider some general characteristics of the electronic structure exhibited by groups of different compounds (chalcogenides, halides, and oxides).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The subject of study was three groups of compounds: chalcogenides Tl3TaS4, Tl3PS4, Sn2P2S6, InPS4, Cu2CdGeS4, Ag2CdSnS4, Ag2HgSnS4, halides Cs2HgX4 (X = Cl, Br, I), group APb2Br5 (A = K, Rb), and oxides La2Zr2O7, Nd2Zr2O7, Sm2Zr2O7, Eu2Zr2O7, Gd2Zr2O7. The research method involved quantum-mechanical calculations within the framework of density functional theory with various exchange-correlation potentials. Potentials were used that allowed for strong correlations between d- and f-electrons and yield a band gap value close to the experimental value.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Quantum-mechanical calculations of the electronic state densities and optical characteristics of a number of chalcogenides, halides, and oxides were performed. Partial and total electron densities of states (DOS) were presented. The total density of states was compared with experimental X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The validity of the calculation results was confirmed. The top of the valence band was formed by the p-states of the most electronegative elements (S, Se, Te, Br, O), whereas the bottom of the valence band was formed by the s-states of these same electronegative elements.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. Based on the calculations, general conclusions were drawn regarding the similarities in the valence band structure of the compounds considered. Using the compound Tl3TaS4 as an example, it was shown that in a solid, compared to the energies in a free atom, the binding energy of the levels for electronegative elements was significantly reduced, while for electropositive elements, it was increased. A rare-earth element (using Eu2Zr2O7 as an example) significantly altered the electron-energy structure, such that the electron states of the rare-earth element (4f-, 5p-) and the 5s-states of europium (Eu) altered the structure of the valence band of pyrochlore (Eu2Zr2O7). The calculated total and partial DOS were compared with experimental X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectra, which confirmed the accuracy of the calculations. However, the calculated DOS curves contained numerous fine-structure elements that were obscured by instrumental distortion in the experimental curves. Thus, the calculation complemented the experiment very well, providing a more detailed picture of the electron-energy structure of the studied compounds.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The research objective was achieved: some general characteristics of the electronic structure exhibited by groups of different compounds (chalcogenides, halides, and oxides) were examined. The problems of identifying the states that determined the features of the electronic structure and optical characteristics of the studied groups of compounds were solved. This research can be used in the modeling of new materials with desired properties.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Современная квантовая и оптоэлектроника, нелинейная оптика предъявляют высокие требования к физико-химическим характеристикам используемых материалов. Это заставляет в том числе искать новые материалы, которые обладали бы свойствами, необходимыми в той или иной области применения. Но при таком подходе могут усложняться состав и кристаллическая структура полученных соединений. Электронная структура сложных соединений определяет их электрические, оптические, магнитные, химические свойства. Эти свойства являются индивидуальными для каждого соединения. Тем не менее, известно, что разные, но близкие по каким-то важным параметрам соединения, например изоэлектронные, обладают подобием в строении своих электронных оболочек. Накопление такой информации по отдельным соединениям и их группам приводит к необходимости обобщения полученных данных. И цель настоящей работы — рассмотреть некоторые общие характеристики электронной структуры, проявляемые группами разных соединений (халькогенидов, галогенидов и оксидов).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Предметом изучения были три группы соединений: халькогениды Tl3TaS4, Tl3PS4, Sn2P2S6, InPS4, Cu2CdGeS4, Ag2CdSnS4, Ag2HgSnS4, галогениды Cs2HgX4 (X = Cl, Br, I), группа APb2Br5 (A = K, Rb) и оксиды La2Zr2O7, Nd2Zr2O7, Sm2Zr2O7, Eu2Zr2O7, Gd2Zr2O7. Метод исследования — квантово-механические расчеты в рамках теории функционала электронной плотности с различными обменно-корреляционными потенциалами. Использовались потенциалы, позволяющие учитывать сильные корреляции d- и f-электронов и получать значение ширины запрещенной зоны, близкое к экспериментальному.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследований</title><p>Результаты исследований. Проведены квантово-механические расчеты плотностей электронных состояний и оптических характеристик ряда халькогенидов, галогенидов и оксидов. Приведены парциальные и полные плотности электронных состояний (Densities of States — DOS). Выполнено сравнение полной плотности состояний с экспериментальными рентгеноэлектронными спектрами (X-ray photoelectron Spectra — XPS). Подтверждена адекватность результатов проведенных расчетов. Вершину валентной полосы формируют p-состояния наиболее электроотрицательных элементов (S, Se, Te, Br, O), в то время как дно валентной полосы образовано s-состояниями также электроотрицательных элементов.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. По результатам проведенных расчетов сделаны обобщающие выводы о сходстве в строении валентной полосы рассмотренных соединений. На примере соединения Tl3TaS4 показано, что в твердом теле, по сравнению с энергиями в свободном атоме, для электроотрицательных элементов энергия связи уровней значительно уменьшается, а для электроположительных — увеличивается. Редкоземельный элемент (в качестве примера взят Eu2Zr2O7) вносит существенные дополнения в картину электронно-энергетического строения, так что электронные состояния редкоземельного элемента (4f-, 5p-) и 5s-состояния европия (Eu) изменяют строение валентной полосы пирохлора (Eu2Zr2O7). Рассчитанные в работе полные и парциальные плотности электронных состояний (DOS) сравнивались с экспериментальными рентгеновскими и рентгеноэлектроными (XPS) спектрами, которые подтвердили адекватность проведенных расчетов, при этом на рассчитанных кривых DOS имеются многочисленные элементы тонкой структуры, «замазанные» за счет аппаратурного искажения на экспериментальных кривых. Таким образом, расчет очень хорошо дополняет эксперимент, давая более детальную картину электронно-энергетического строения исследованных соединений.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Достигнута цель исследования — рассмотрены некоторые общие характеристики электронной структуры, проявляемые группами разных соединений (халькогенидов, галогенидов и оксидов). Решены задачи выявления состояний определяющих особенности электронной структуры и оптических характеристик исследованных групп соединений. Исследование может быть использовано при моделировании новых материалов с заданными свойствами.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пирохлоры</kwd><kwd>электронно-энергетическая структура</kwd><kwd>метод функционала плотности</kwd><kwd>обменно-корреляционные потенциалы</kwd><kwd>оптические свойства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pyrochlores</kwd><kwd>electron-energy structure</kwd><kwd>density functional theory</kwd><kwd>exchange-correlation potentials</kwd><kwd>optical properties</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vu Van Tuan, Lavrentyev AA, Gabrelian BV, Kalmykova KF, Sidorkin VV, Do Minh Hoat, et al. Electronic and Optical Properties of Wide Band Gap Tl3TaS4: A Promising Surface Acoustic Wave Material. 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