The comparative analysis of various processing techniques used for the problem solution — improving the reliability and service life of the heavy duty cutting blades through the example of combine harvesters — is described. The possibility of increasing the wear resistance of the cutting knives for the agricultural machinery by the vibrowave strengthening treatment techniques is established and proved. The application domains of the vibrowave treatment in the mechanical and instrument production engineering are considered. The dynamic nature of the hardening process is described. The technological capabilities of the vibrowave treatment method and the mechanism of the product surface layer quality indices generation are presented. The exploratory field research of the vibrowave treatment impact on the hardened surface layer value and the wear of the cutting blades made of hard steels R6M5, X12M, R18 is resulted. The studies on the impact of the vibrowave treatment modes: vibration amplitudes and frequencies, steel balls diameter, variation of the hardened layer depth of knives made of steel X12M, are resulted as well.