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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">donstu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1653</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/1992-5980-2018-18-2-146-156</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">donstu-479</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Modeling the inside defect of the jet cavitator</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Моделирование дефекта внутренней поверхности струйного кавитатора</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2467-3379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уколов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukolov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уколов Алексей Иванович, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент кафедры «Математика, физика и информатика» </p><p>Республика Крым, г. Керчь, ул. Орджоникидзе, 82</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ukolov, Alexey I., Cand.Sci. (Phys.-Math.), associate professor of the Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science Department </p><p>Republic of Crimea, Kerch, ul. Ordzhonikidze, 82</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ukolov_aleksei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8130-7298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родионов Виктор Петрович, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры «Гидравлика»</p><p> г. Краснодар, ул. Московская, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rodionov, Victor P., Dr.Sci. (Eng.), professor of the Hydraulics Department</p><p>Krasnodar, ul. Moskovskaya, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vik-rodio@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Керченский государственный морской технологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kerch State Marine Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кубанский государственный технологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>146</fpage><lpage>156</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ukolov A.I., Rodionov V.P., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Уколов А.И., Родионов В.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ukolov A.I., Rodionov V.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/479">https://www.vestnik-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/479</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The investigation of the hydrodynamic cavitator operation used under the erosion impact on a solid body surface, and of the device structure optimization for increasing the damage capability of the cavitating jet is presented. The effect of a sporadic defect of the combined nozzle inside on the volume fraction of the vapor content and the cavitation region geometry is considered. The work objective is to identify the influence pattern of the inside defect of cavitators of various sizes on the hydrodynamic and cavitational characteristics of the nozzle through numerical modeling. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The features of the ANSYS Workbench finite-element analysis software package and the integrated optimization module of the development and design process in the domain of the computational fluid dynamics ANSYS CFX are used. The simulation is based on the experimental data obtained under the nozzle water discharge at a specially designed laboratory bench under the cavitation condition.</p></sec><sec><title>Research Results</title><p>Research Results. Graphic dependences of the volume fraction of the vapor content, total pressure and thelength of the cavitation region on the distance along the axis of the jet for different defect sizes are obtained and presented. Two phases of the cavitating jet flow in a nonideal cavitator are identified, and the transition effect on the velocity distribution in the device section is shown.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p><p>Discussion and Conclusions. The occurrence of an internal defect on the surface of the conical pattern of a combined nozzle with the size of less than a quarter-diameter of the central cylindrical portion may not cause visual changes in the cavitation region geometry, but it significantly reduces the erosive capacity of the cavitation jet. A further defect increase results in a total suppression of the cavitation flow, but maintains its dynamic behavior. The obtained results contribute to the improvement of the hydrodynamic cavitators design, to the enhancement of their erosive impact with the use of cavitation for cleaning underwater structures and mechanisms.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Статья посвящена исследованию работы гидродинамического кавитатора, используемого при эрозийном воздействии на поверхность твердого тела, а также оптимизации структуры устройства для увеличения разрушительной способности кавитационной струи. В работе рассмотрено влияние единичного дефекта внутренней поверхности комбинированного сопла на объемную долю содержания пара и геометрию области кавитации. Целью работы является выявление методом численного моделирования закономерностей влияния дефекта внутренней поверхности кавитатора различной величины на гидродинамические и кавитационные характеристики сопла. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использованы возможности программного пакета конечно-элементного анализа ANSYS Workbench и интегрированного в него модуля оптимизации процесса разработки и технологической подготовки в области вычислительной динамики жидкостей и газов ANSYS CFX. В основу моделирования положены экспериментальные данные, полученные при истечении воды в кавитационном режиме из исследуемого сопла на специально разработанном лабораторном стенде. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Получены и представлены графические зависимости объемной доли содержания пара, полного давления и длины кавитационной области от расстояния вдоль оси струи при различной величине дефекта. Выявлены две фазы течения кавитационной струи в неидеальном кавитаторе, и показано влияние этого перехода на распределение скоростей в сечении устройства. </p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключения</title><p>Обсуждение и заключения. Наличие внутреннего дефекта на поверхности расходящегося конусного участка комбинированного сопла размером менее четверти диаметра центрального цилиндрического участка может не вызывать визуальных изменений в геометрии области кавитации, однако значительно снижает эрозийную способность кавитационной струи. Дальнейшее увеличения дефекта приводит к полному подавлению кавитации потока, но сохраняет его динамические характеристики. Полученные результаты способствуют усовершенствованию конструкций гидродинамических кавитаторов, улучшению их эрозийного воздействия при использовании кавитации для очистки подводных конструкций и механизмов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кавитатор</kwd><kwd>затопленная струя</kwd><kwd>комбинированное сопло</kwd><kwd>дефект</kwd><kwd>давление</kwd><kwd>компьютерное моделирование</kwd><kwd>ANSYS CFX</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>сavitator</kwd><kwd>immersed jet</kwd><kwd>combined nozzle</kwd><kwd>defect</kwd><kwd>pressure</kwd><kwd>computer simulation</kwd><kwd>ANSYS CFX</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rayleigh, L. On the pressure developed in a liquid during the collapse of a spherical cavity / L. 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