Material point physical model rationale while studying kinematic characteristics of a motor vehicle in case of oblique collision with side cable barriers

Introduction. A review of the application of theoretical mechanics methods for the development of algorithms of approximate analytical simulation of a motor vehicle (MV) movement in case of oblique collision with side cable barriers is performed. The representation of the MV as a material point in this type of collision is validated. The study objective is to demonstrate the application of a physical model of a material point to describe the motor vehicle dynamics in the event of its oblique collision with side cable barrier.

Materials and Methods. A new physical model that describes the opposition to the motor vehicle movement from the side of a cable barrier in an oblique collision is proposed. New methods of approximate analytical construction of the MV movements during an oblique collision with the side cable barriers are presented. The analytical calculation results are verified by the data of the finite element (FE) simulation of the collision according to the data of field tests. The FE simulation was carried out using a multi-purpose finite element complex LS-Dyna.

Results. New analytical algorithms have been developed for the MV movement in case of an oblique collision with side cable barriers, as well as a new physical model describing the opposition to the MV movement from the side of cable barriers. The application of a physical model of a material point to study the motor vehicle dynamics during an oblique collision with side cable barriers is established scientifically, including the comparative analysis of the kinematic results of the virtual test with kinematic calculations obtained on the basis of algorithms for analytical construction of the MV movements.

Discussion and Conclusions. The analysis of the kinematic results of the virtual test in  comparison  with  the analytical kinematic calculations has shown that the representation of a motor vehicle as a material point in case of an oblique collision with side cable barriers is reasonable since the MV movement is close to translational motion. The results obtained can be used in the development and analysis of the correctness of the FE modeling of a side collision of a motor vehicle with cable barriers.

1. McClanahan D, Albin RB, Milton JC. Washington State Cable Median Barrier In-Service Study. In: Presentation at the 83-rd Annual Meeting of the National Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C.; 2004. Available from: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/fulltext/Policy/CableBarriersubmittalforTRB.pdf (accessed: 02.11.2020).

2. Amato G, Ghosh B, O’Brien F, et al. A scaling method for modeling the crashworthiness of novel roadside barrier designs. International Journal of Crashwhorthiness. 2013;18(3):317. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13588265.2013.783429. (accessed: 23.11.2020).

3. Tuan ChY, Sarmah RD, Tuan AY, et al. Progressive failure simulation of security cable barriers. International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation. 2010;11(9):755–775.

4. Hunter WW, Stewart JR, Eccles KA, et al. Three-Strand Cable Median Barrier in North Carolina. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2001;1743(1):97–103.

5. Karpov IA. Razrabotka konechno-ehlementnykh modelei trosovykh dorozhnykh ograzhdenii s ispol'zovaniem programmnogo kompleksa LS-DYNA [Development of finite element models rope guardrails using the software package LS-DYNA]. Avtomobil'. Doroga. Infrastruktura. 2014;2(2):38. Available from: URL: https://www.adi-madi.ru/madi/article/view/91/pdf_36 (accessed: 08.01.2021). (In Russ.)

6. Kolesnikova GP, Gasainiev AR. Priblizhennoe matematicheskoe modelirovanie traektorii dvizheniya ATS pri kosom naezde na bokovye trosovye ograzhdeniya [Approximate mathematical modeling of the trajectory of the ATS at an oblique hitting the side of a cable fence]. Avtomobil'. Doroga. Infrastruktura. 2018;1(15):2. Available from: URL: https://www.adi-madi.ru/madi/article/view/515 (accessed: 08.01.2021). (In Russ.)

7. Rainus GE. Raschet mnogoproletnykh trosov i mnogoproletnykh ferm iz trosov [Calculation of multispan cables and multispan cable trusses]. Leningrad: Stroiizdat; 1968. 135 p. (In Russ.)

8. Demyanushko IV, Obshchev AG. Raschetno-ehksperimental'nyi analiz trosovykh dorozhnykh ograzhdenii bezopasnosti [Computational and experimental analysis of cable road safety fences]. In: Collection of papers on Questions of construction mechanics and reliability of machines and structures. Moscow: MADI Publ. House; 2012. P. 34–44. (In Russ.)

9. Bateman MB, Howard IC, Johnson AR, et al. Validation of a computer simulation of the impact performance of a wire rope safety fence. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science. 2007;221(12):1557−1570.

10. Drong BI, Dubinin VV, Ilyin MM, et al. Kurs teoreticheskoi mekhaniki [Course of theoretical mechanics], 5th rev. ed. Moscow: Bauman University Publ. House; 2017. 580 p. (In Russ.)

11. Kolesnikova GP. Analiticheskii raschet kinematicheskikh kharakteristik avtomobil'nogo transportnogo sredstva pri kosom naezde na bokovye trosovye ograzhdeniya s uchetom udara [Analytical calculation of the kinematic characteristics of av automobile vehicle with oblique collision with side cable barrier with impact taken into account]. Avtomobil'. Doroga. Infrastruktura. 2019;4(22):1. Available from: URL: https://www.adi-madi.ru/madi/article/view/833/pdf_480 (accessed: 08.01.2021). (In Russ.)

12. Olson RM, Post ER, McFarland WF. Tentative service requirements for bridge rail systems. Highway research board. National academy of Sciences – National research council. 1970. Available from: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_86.pdf. (accessed: 02.11.2020).

13. Kolesnikova GP. Priblizhennye metody analiticheskogo modelirovaniya traektorii dvizheniya ATS pri kosom naezde na bokovye trosovye ograzhdeniya [Approximate methods of analytical modeling of the trajectory of motor vehicle movement at an oblique hitting the side of a cable barrier]. Avtomobil'. Doroga. Infrastruktura. 2018;(16):3. Available from: URL: https://www.adi-madi.ru/madi/article/view/568/pdf_354 (accessed: 08.01.2021). (In Russ.)