The existing software packages in the cluster systems are analyzed. The characteristics of clusters and cluster distributives are given, topological variants are considered, distinctive characteristics of the main software packages are determined.

The possibility to decrease the computational expenditures when solving the boundary problems at the expense of the rational representation of the Green's functions is shown in the article. The capability of more optimal algebralization of the mathematical relations is illustrated on the example of solving the problem of the electro-dynamical analysis.

An improved method for constructing and training single-layered spiking neural networks is preposed. The method allows to apply single-layered spiking neural networks that encode each data dimension by one neuron of the input layer for the recognition of complex and overlapping clusters with procedure of unsupervised training. The presented approach allows to obtain acceptable accuracy of the classification with the ability to detect complex data clusters at considerably simplified structure of the neural network.

In this paper we present the calculation method of the gliding radial bearing similar to the circular one in the presence of unevenness on the barrel surface. As a result, we suggest the construction of a non-circular bearing which has twice as high bearing capacity in comparison with the circular one. Impact of barrel rotation unevenness on the bearing capacity of the bearing has also been estimated.

Empirical long-term strength criterion in terms of limit stress for constructive polymer materials considering ageing factor is found. The criterion corresponds to the type of Goldenblat - Kopnov. On the grounds of the given experimental research of the ageing processes of the polymeric composites, empirical constants falling into criterion expression are received.

Solution of the problem of acceleration and increase of measurement tools choice objectivity with help of database creation on ACCESS basis is considered. As a result the opportunity of a wide review of measurement tools of the set measured size, their choice according to the required metrological and technical characteristics, and getting full information on the chosen measurement tools is provided. The developed database can be used also for the registration of  measurement tools,  the control time sig-nalling and for other actions with measurements and test equipment at the enterprises.

Influence of acoustic parameters (amplitude of ultrasonic oscillations A (mcm), frequency of ultrasonic oscillations (Khz), and a corner between the axis of the wave guide and the vector direction of longitudinal-twisting oscillations (degrees)) process of an electroacoustic dusting of the protective coatings on quality of coating (micro hardness) is investigated. On the basis of the executed research the mathematical model of dependence of micro hardness of a coating from acoustic parameters of process is developed and adequacy of the received model is checked.

Electric circuit of analog and digital units of fine positioning system of machine parts using the programmable microcontroller is presented. The instrumentation electric drive controlled with PIC16F877A microcontroller is designed. The device is equipped with the interpolation unit, the digital display and the matrix keyboard for parameters setting. Optical incremental encoders and hard multipliers of analogue signals are used for the fine positioning.

A conceptual model of the computer-aided decision support system in an emergency situation at the machine-building plant is discussed in the article.

The approach to external signs of failures formalizing is offered. The example of its practical usage for the main hydrosystem of harvester “Don-1500B” is considered. The diagnostic checks set defining method is described.

Estimation criteria of the personnel by means of marking their basic properties influencing reliability are considered. On the basis of the selected properties indicators characterizing each of them according to a special technique are worked. An attempt to apply formal logic for shaping and using properties and qualities of the personnel for preparation of the head decision project on maintenance of the acceptable level of the personnel reliability at the engineering  enterprises is made.

Improvement of transport network design efficiency problems at the expense of the  system approach to the estimation of network quality and assigned communications services quality are considered. Methods and technical facilities that provide constancy and control complexness of network quality on different stages of its life cycle are offered.

A brief review of vibration mechano-chemical covering and samples of practical application of the solid oil on the basis of molybdenum disulfide, made up under conditions of vibration treatment are given. A model structure of forming  molybdenum disulfide covering is displayed.

A general approach to the mathematical modelling of the grain fractional cleaning process in the grain cleaning aggregate with different function charts is given. Its rational characteristics and functional values are synthesized.

Improvement of working conditions under the influence of harmful substances on the machine-building enterprises workers is an actual problem. Reliable data on the technological process for correct calculation of ventilation on the test sites of agricultural machines are required. Existing techniques are focused on the integrated (annual) emissions based on approximate specific indicators of emissions, calculated for abstract sources of pollution without taking into account their individual properties and operating modes. The specified technique of forecasting quality condition of the operating space in regular and emergency situations based on the models earlier developed by the authors that describe processes of forming and allocation of emissions from the pollution source is offered.

The method of efficiency and quality increase of dry milling in impact mill by creating the magnetovibrating layer in rotating beater area is considered. It is shown that the milling degree and average particle size of produced powder depend not only of milling time, but also of magnetic field regimes.

The state of the working area in the foundry sections is determined predominantly by the number of pollutant sources and the state of air cleaning devices. Organized pollutant emissions in the atmosphere are implemented by low pipes, unorganized pollutant emissions are implemented through ventilation chambers of exhaust ventilation system. The emission amounts and their toxicity determine the category of an enterprise as the atmosphere pollution source. An analytical method of determination of ecological risk coefficient is developed on the basis of available methods for estimation of emissions effect on the atmosphere.

Analysis of expert systems application in labour safety at the engineering enterprises which is used in decision-making support systems by the head of a department is considered. The efficiency of these systems is proved. Procedural chains of decision-making with flexible management strategies are presented.

Substantiation and definition of the new concept ‘geopedagogics’ due to the global processes in the modern world are given in the article. The problem of education evolution and a new educational model formation is put.

Family records of several Cossack families demonstrate that market economic thinking was typical for Cossacks even in the prereform period. Thinking, behavior, moral and ethical arrangement of life among Don landowners of all categories were not only close to the  traditional Russian serfdom type, but also show that they were well informed about market economy. The author tries to prove that their observance of old fashioned traditions in currency and production can be explained not by their devotion to the customs, but by the profit it could bring to Cossacks in particular situations.

In the light of the propositions on the modernization and technological development of the national economy made by President D.A. Medvedev, the directions of constant and urgent necessity of carrying out this work taking into account the branches providing accumulation and replenishment of the capital are proved. On this basis measures on counteraction to deindustrialization,  the creation of destroying growth conditions leading to the global crisis are offered.  The question is about complex realization of four national projects of the Strategy - 2020, of anti-recessionary programs, creation of the economic “safety pillows” in the projects “The Urals Industrial – The Urals Polar”, “The South Industrial - The South Recreational”.

The article contains the description of the basic forms of the economic relations in the social and cultural field (SCF) which were formed in the Soviet and post- Soviet period and are being developed in the modern economy of Russia. The knowledge of methodology of the shaping and development of the economic relations in social  and cultural field is impossible without the knowledge of the genesis of these relations.